How AI inference works, clearly explained

If you're using or building on large language models (LLMs), perhaps the most important concept to understand is how inference and key-value (KV) cache work. That's because no matter if you're working with coding agents, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), or fine-tuning, inference is what happens each time you make a request to a model and get a response back (and thus, where all the money goes).While training happens once, inference happens every single time a user sends a prompt. So, let's…

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